نشریه ارمغان دانش
سال بیست و پنجم شماره 1 (پیاپی 138، فروردین و اردیبهشت 1399)

 The formation of skin scars is inevitable following surgery, trauma and burns.  Wound healing is a complex process that occurs during the competition of collagen production and collapse mechanisms. Various factors such as diabetes can interfere this process with multiple mechanisms. There are also ways to speed up the process of repair and prevent wound formation which is the use of light. The present study examines the effect of polarizing light (bioptron) on the process of wound healing and prevention of wound formation in diabetic and non-diabetic rats.

A total of 52 rats were studied in four groups of 13 with and without diabetes and with and without using light bioptron: First group: without diabetes, without light; group 2: without diabetes, with light; group 3: with diabetes, without light; group 4: with diabetes, with light. At first, the wound was formed about 2 cm in rats and sutured. Then grouping wound was dressed with normal saline daily in two groups with and without diabetes and the other group was exposed to bipotron light at a distance of 10 cm for 10 minutes with a power of 2.4 joule cm2. Then the scars were scanned by using the Stony Brook Scar Scale for objective measurements of the wound over a period of 21 days. In the end, the rats were sacrificed and the wounds were sent to the lab for histological examination. The incidence of wound was studied based on histological examination on necrosis parameters, fibroblastic proliferation, collagen accumulation, granulation tissue maturation, epithelialization and neovascularization.

There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of SBSES scores on days 7, 14 and 21. There was no difference in histopathological characteristics except for non-diabetic rats that bioptron were reduced fibroblast proliferation(pvalue<0.001) and decreased neovascularization(pvalue<0.001).

Despite the lack of significant differences between groups, using of polarized light can be corrected by reducing the proliferation of fibroblasts in the wound healing and reducing neovascularization to improve the appearance of the scar and can be used as a safe method.

Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) is an inflammatory process in which multiple inflammatory factors are involved. Recently, one of the ways to alleviate inflammation in AKI is to apply pre-conditioned ischemic remote control (RIPerC). The aim of the present study was to determine and investigate the protective role of long-term ischemic preconditioning in acute injury of all ischemia due to resection through the TLR-4 and TNF-α signaling pathways in the rat.

The present experimental study was conducted in 2016 on 30 male rats of Sprag Dolly breed with a weight range of 250 to 280 grams. Ratings were divided into three equal groups of control, re-ischemic resection (I / R) and re-ischemic resection with long-term ischemic preconditioning (RIPerC) predisposition. In this study, I / R re-bleeding was observed with bilateral closure of the artery and renal vein for 45 minutes and 24 hours. The RIPerC model consisted of four five-minute cycles (two minutes for closing the left femoral artery and three minutes for re-bleeding) at the onset of ischemic-renal failure. At the end of the resuscitation period, urine, blood, and kidney tissue samples were collected for functional, structural, and molecular analysis. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS software.

Ischemia-reperfusion caused tissue damage and subsequently impaired renal function, which was demonstrated by a decrease in creatinine clearance and an increase in its relative sodium excretion. In addition, in the I/R group, mRNA level of TLR-4 and TNF-α in tissue increased, whereas RIPerC (in this group, during ischemia, ischemia, and reperfusion in the femoral artery was done) simultaneously with I/R improved kidney structure and function and decreased expression of TLR-4 and TNF-α.

RIPerC protected the kidney against ischemia-reperfusion-induced kidney injury and probably this protective effect was exerted by inhibition of TLR-4 signaling pathway in the kidney.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most important opportunistic pathogens. Due to the increased use of antibiotics and the risk of their resistance, studies on the detection of natural antibacterial compounds have increased. Hence, the aim of the present study was to determine and evaluate the antibacterial effect of propolis nanomaterials, ethanosybenic anodic anodomic extracts of propolis, ciprofloxacin.

In the present experimental study, which was conducted at the University of Urmia in 2018, high-energy propolis nanoparticles were prepared using ultrasonic waves. Then the antimicrobial effect of propolis ethanolic extract, propolis nanoamulsion alone, ciprofloxacin alone and their combined combination (propolis + ciprofloxacin, propolis cyanide + ciprofloxacin nanoparticles) by microenvironmental microenvironmental microenvironmental and microbial methods Pseudomonas aeruginosa was diagnosed. Data were analyzed using one-way variance test. In this study, high-energy propellant nanoemulsion was prepared using ultrasound waves. Antibacterial effect of ethanolic extract of propolis, propolis nanoemulsion, Ciprofloxacin alone and their combinations (EEP+Ciprofloxacin and propolis nanoemultion + ciprofloxacin), were determined. For determination of MIC, MBC and FIC of each substance, Broth microdilution and Disk diffusion test were used. Data Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software and one-way ANOVA test.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    

First, 8,156 nm of propolis extract was prepared from propolis nanoparticles. The results of MIC and MBC experiments indicated that the minimum inhibitory concentration of alcoholic propolis extract extract and propolis nanomaterials against Pseudomonas aeruginosa was 1000 and 46.88 micrograms per milliliter, respectively. Moreover, the evaluation of the combined effect of propolis extract and propolis nanomaterials with ciprofloxacin is 9.46 2 2.44, 7.3 22 1.32 μg / ml, respectively. Furthermore, platelets containing combined propolis nanoamulsion dissociation disks with ciprofloxacin with concentrations of 1.32 7 3.7, micrograms per milliliter of halo growth, respectively, caused a growth of 15 mm in diameter, while single-use nanograms per 6 milli6 milligrams of propolis The growth control halo was 15 mm larger.

In the present study, for the first time, nanoamulsion was prepared from the ethanolic extract of propolis, which alone and in combination with ciprofloxacin has the effects of inhibiting growth inhibition and high elongation on Pseudomonas aeruginosa. It had a synergistic effect and as a result, the dose of each of the compounds and the time required to kill the bacterium was reduced by comparing the use of each of them alone.

B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) is a potential target for tumor treatment. The inhibition of the Bcl-2 production is research target of attraction in the field of anti-cancer drug development. The present study aimed to evaluate the inhibitory effects of novel pyrazole derivatives on Bcl-2 expression in human breast cancer cell line MCF-7.

In the present in vitro experimental study, the newly synthesized substances were screened against breast Aden carcinoma (MCF-7). The Western-blot analysis was carried out to study signaling pathways of MCF-7 breast cancer cells. The levels of apoptosis-related protein (Bcl-2) were evaluated by western blot analysis and changes in it expression were confirmed. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA, and independent t-test.

The compounds HN1 and HN2 significantly inhibited the proliferation of human breast cancer cells. The compounds HN1and HN2 inhibited the growth of MCF-7 cells with IC50 values of 7.4 μg/ml and 8.68 μg/ml, respectively. In addition, compounds HN1and HN2 (22.5-50 μg/ml) significantly inhibited the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 protein production. The compound HN2 significantly inhibited Bcl-2 expression in a concentration-dependent manner, corresponding 24% at 37.5 μg/ml, 30% at 50 μg/ml. Also compound HN1 at the same concentrations inhibited Bcl-2 expression by 12%, 0% at 50 and 37/5 μg/ml in MCF-7 cells, respectively.

HN2 could suppress the viability of MCF-7 cells and induce apoptosis in breast cancer cells by down-regulation of anti-apoptotic factor, Bcl-2. These results revealed that the potential inhibitory effect of HN2 against growth of MCF-7 human breast cancer cells might be associated with induction of apoptosis through Bcl-2 protein dependent pathway. The present results suggest that HN2 has a promising potential to be used as a valuable chemo preventive agent.

The prevalence of obesity and the socio-economic consequences of it are effective in increasing mortality and cardiovascular disease. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of an aerobic exercise on the amount of epicedial adipose tissue, insulin resistance and some liver enzymes in the fattened vestibular rats with a high-fat diet.

In the present experimental study conducted in 2018 in Yasuj, 32 Vistar male rats with a mean weight of 200-180 g and 6 weeks of age were randomly divided into 4 equal groups, including: normal nutrition, fattening with a high-fat diet, and then normal nutrition. Obesity with high-fat diet and aerobic exercise and normal nutrition after obesity were divided with high-fat diet. Sampling was performed in the obese group with a high-fat diet after obesity and in other groups 48 hours after eight weeks of aerobic exercise (four sessions per week with 60% of maximum training capacity). Lee index, relative amounts of epicardial adipose tissue, insulin, insulin resistance, fasting blood sugar, pericardial lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, total cholesterol and triglycerides, total lymphocytic acid differentiation, and differential enzymaphenazine aminophenazine alphanazinase and liver aspartate aspartate aminotropin. The data collected were analyzed using statistical tests of one-way analysis of variance and Tukey's follow-up test.

The results indicated that a high-fat diet significantly increased the Lee index, relative amounts of epicardial adipose tissue, fasting blood sugar, insulin resistance, blood lipid profile and liver enzymes aspartate aminotransferase reduction and allanine amino acids. The significance of flagella lipoprotein was normal compared to the feed group (P ≥ 0.001). Eight weeks of aerobic exercise also significantly improved the values ​​of Lee index (18.34%), relative values ​​of epicedial adipose tissue (76.9%), insulin (4.01%), insulin resistance (37.48%). Fasting blood sugar (32.38%), high-density lipoprotein (23.65%), low-density lipoprotein (41.37%), cholesterol (24.68%) and total triglycerides (49.55%) as well as liver enzymes Aspartate amino transferees (45.9%), alanine amino transferase (44.34%) and alkaline phosphatase (11.5%) were based on values ​​(P≥ 0.001).

Aerobic exercise reduced the amount of epicedial adipose tissue, body fat mass index, insulin resistance, fatty liver index and cardiovascular risk factors for obesity. Therefore, aerobic exercise can be considered as one of the ways to change the hepatic metabolism and the health of the cardiovascular system in the treatment of related metabolic and cardiovascular diseases caused by immobility and obesity.

Migraine is a major, common and debilitating headache disorder that affects 10 to 20 percent of the population, especially the working age, and is one of the 20 most debilitating diseases in the world. The aim of this study was to determine and compare the effectiveness of the treatment group based on acceptance and commitment and cognitive behavioral therapy on the experimental and cognitive avoidance of patients with migraine headaches.

This study is a semi experimental study that was done in 2016. The statistical population of the study consisted of 30 patients with migraine headaches who were selected through targeted sampling and after randomized entry and exit of the research conditions in three groups; treatment based on acceptance and commitment, cognitive behavioral therapy and allocation control. Were given. In order to collect information, Ahvaz Najarianian Migraine Questionnaires, Admission and Practice - Second Edition(AAQ-II) and Cognitive Misunderstanding of Guilders et al. were used. The scores obtained from the evaluations were analyzed in three stages (pre-test, post-test and follow-up) with the help of one-way analysis of variance(Anova), Levin and Toki follow-up.

The results indicated the effect of acceptance-based therapy and commitment on experimental avoidance and cognitive coherence at two levels: short-term (p<0.05) and long-term (p<0.05) and the effect of cognitive-behavioral therapy on short-term cognitive coherence(p<0.05). And the ineffectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy on experimental avoidance at both short-term (p <0.05) and long-term (p <0.05) and cognitive coherence at the long-term (p<0.05) are significant. Furthermore, in comparing the effectiveness of cognitive-based therapy and commitment and cognitive-behavioral therapy, the findings show a significant difference between the two therapies on reducing experimental avoidance at both short-term (p<0.05) and long-term (p<0.05) and cognitive experimentation. It was short-term (p<0.05) and long-term (p<0.05).

Due to the lack of definitive drug treatment for people with migraine headaches and the fact that different aspects of their lives are affected by the recurrence of headaches in these patients, it is better for these patients to undergo a course of treatment based on acceptance and commitment so that they can continue to have headaches. The normal course of life will go smoothly and the quality of their life will not be adversely affected by the headache.

Concurrent stunting with overweight" is one of the consequences of nutritional transition, which has worsened the outcomes more than overweight itself. The aim of this study was to determine the trend of anthropometric indices in primary to high school students in Eslam Abad-e Gharb city, Iran.

The present analytical-comparative study was conducted in 2017 in the city of Islamabad-e-Gharb, and students from 16 high schools were randomly selected and surveyed by cluster sampling. High school metrics were measured in the same year. Elementary school information was collected through school student files. In this study, "short stature at the same time with overweight" was defined as "z-score equal to + 1 and above BMI for age and z-score equal to 1- and less" height for age "based on simultaneous placement. Collected data was analyzed using Fisher and Chi-square statistical tests.

In the present study, out of 731 people, 350(47.9%) were girls and 381 (52.1%) were boys. The prevalence of short stature at the same time with overweight in primary school was 0.55%(4 people) and in high school was 3.83% (28 people), which was significant from primary school to high school among all students studied (p=0.001). In short, the index was not significant in girls (p=0.001), but not significant in boys (p = 0.506).

The prevalence of short stature has been on the rise with overweight students (especially girls) from elementary school to high school.

Hepatitis A is one of the most common viral infections in children that affects the liver and may be with or without symptoms. The disease is transmitted through oral-fecal excretion and its prevalence is clearly related to the level of health of the target community and is therefore one of the health problems of the world and developing countries. Hepatitis A is present in all parts of the world, but its prevalence varies in different parts of the world. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to determine and evaluate the prevalence of hepatitis A in children in Yasuj.

 The present descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in 2015. Three hundred and seventy nine children aged one month to 15 years entered the study and were selected by quota sampling method. The blood serum sample of the sample group in the laboratory was examined by ELISA for hepatitis A antibody. To assess the relationship between age, parental education, income level, area of residence, gender and use of kindergarten with hepatitis were examined. Data were analyzed using chi-square test and gamma tracking.

The results indicated that in this study, the prevalence of hepatitis A in Yasuj city was 11.6% (44 people). The two analyzes revealed a significant association between the prevalence of hepatitis A with age (x2=78/38) at the level (p=0.01), and children under one year of age had the highest incidence and children aged one to 5 years had the lowest incidence (relative to group population). There was no significant relationship between the prevalence of hepatitis and gender, the level of education of parents and family income.

According to the results of the prevalence of hepatitis A, it is necessary to pay more attention and training to older groups at higher risk in order to prevent and reduce the damage.

Performance Indicators consist of standards, evaluation tools and identifications to check current situations in organizations.  Hospitals as the center of gravity to provide   health and therapy care are of no exception. The present study aimed to determe the performance indicators in selected hospitals of Tehran province.

The present inquiry was a cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study. The statistical population of all public hospitals was covered by Tehran University of Medical Sciences and Shahid Beheshti. 14 educational and 9 non-educational cases were examined. Data collection tools were data entry forms for hospital performance indicators, which included general information on the studied hospitals and performance indicators, bed occupancy rate, average patient stay, and bed turnover rate. Data were analyzed using Chi-square and Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests.

The average patient stay was 5.89 days, which was only 7.15 percent desirable by standards. The bed occupancy rate was 76.35 and the bed turnover was 45.97 times a year. The status of these two indicators was optimal based on the standards available in 92.85% of the cases. Also, based on the results of the present study, the mean average patient stay was 2.91 days, which was desirable in 77.77% of the cases according to the standards. The bed occupancy rate was 62.70 and only 11.11% of the cases were favorable. The bed turnover was set at 65.44 times a year. In relation to this index, in 100% of cases, the situation was favorable.

The non-educational hospitals of Tehran University of Medical Sciences were in a better position regarding the length of the patient's stay than the indicators of the Ministry of Health and even compared to the hospitals of other provinces. In relation to educational hospitals, due to the fact that according to the Ministry of Health, the optimal condition of the average patient stay is less than 3.5 days and more than 4 days is a sign of weakness and inefficiency of the hospital, the studied hospitals with an average of 5.69 days. They differ significantly from the standard. In the other two indicators, both educational and non-educational hospitals were in good condition.

Health is one of the basic values ​​and needs of every human being and a right accepted in the divine schools and international documents, as well as the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, Islamic Human Rights and the Universal Declaration of Health. Maintaining and promoting health is an individual, social, organizational and governmental responsibility and is one of the preconditions for achieving sustainable development. The aim of this study was to determine and design an optimal model for the development of health centers in the neighborhoods of Yasuj.

This was an analytical-analytical study conducted in Yasuj in 2019. The statistical population of this study included all patients referred to health centers affiliated to Yasuj University of Medical Sciences with 900 people using the sampling method. A simple accident based on Morgan's table, 200 of them were selected as a statistical sample by simple random method and completed the questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient, t-test and regression coefficients, vasodilators and croscalovalis using statistical tests.

According to the results obtained in order to design the model of nurses, midwives and people's attitudes, they had a significant effect on environmental health variables. Moreover, the variables of environmental health, nursing, midwifery had a significant effect on the nutritional variable and the variables of mental health and environmental health had a significant effect on the nutritional variable (p <0.05), other independent variables did not have a significant effect (0.05). Also, the results of the in-depth interview of the officials' view of the current situation of health centers have generally been considered weak and moderate, and in relation to the favorable situation regarding neighborhood health centers, it was generally believed that if the people of the neighborhood have more participation, Weak and moderate can be elevated to higher levels.

This article tried to determine the position and role of mental health in the process of neighborhood health centers and also use it to improve the quality of health centers and thus become a powerful tool to reduce the problems of neighborhood health centers.

One of the emergencies of pregnancy is preeclampsia and eclampsia, which due to its complications, rapid diagnosis and treatment of these diseases is recommended. Preeclampsia is the third leading cause of maternal mortality in the world. Timely identification of this disorders and its risk factors in different areas can be useful in diagnosing, treating, and preventing its complications. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of preeclampsia, eclampsia and related factors in pregnant women who referred to the maternity ward of Imam Sajjad Hospital in Yasuj.

This is a cross-sectional descriptive study. The study population is pregnant women who referred to the maternity ward of Imam Sajjad Hospital in Yasuj in 2016.All pregnant women who had been admitted to Imam Sajjad Hospital, Yasuj, from April 2016 to the end of March 2017 with pre-eclampsia, had entry criteria that included: visits by a gynecologist, routine maternity care and Laboratory diagnostic tests were performed and after registering their profile, parameters related to their condition including complications of preeclampsia, clinical condition, recovery, and other items needed to achieve the goals of the study were recorded from the records of doctors and observations of doctors and nurses. Collected data was analyzed using Chi-square, Accurate and Fisher tests.

The prevalence of pre-eclampsia was estimated to be 4.9%. No significant relationship was seen between the prevalence of preeclampsia, previous history of preeclampsia and blood pressure (p=0.07). It was also revealed that the prevalence of preeclampsia was higher in women with the first pregnancy and it decreases with increasing number of pregnancies. The result of this study indicated that the prevalence of cesarean section with preeclampsia is higher than in normal delivery.

The prevalence of preeclampsia in Yasuj was 4.92. it was concluded that the preeclampsia prevalence in Yasuj in 2016 is similar to that of the studies conducted around the world and our country. Although, it seems that hospitalization of pregnant mothers due to preeclampsia is not concern among other problems. Due to prevalence of preeclampsia and its complications and since prevention of this disorder is not currently possible in pregnant women therefore, timely and appropriate care should be taken during pregnancy for diagnosis in time and prevent adverse effects.

Due to the high association of ductal carcinoma in situ with breast and non-invasive breast disease, if properly diagnosed and treated in a timely manner, the disease has a good prognosis and can improve and prevent disease invasion. The aim of this study was to identify and diagnose a case of non-invasive tumor of the nipple.

The patient was a 39-year-old women who was presented with superficial ulcers and bloody discharge from the left nipple. Examination of the left nipple had shiny tissue and superficial ulcers, and no palpable mass. The patient had a history of 2 pregnancies with 2 live children and after the first delivery, used birth control pills for 5 years. The patient did not recover after a week of eczema treatment, and a nipple sample was taken, where Paget's disease and ductal carcinoma were reported. He then underwent breast maintenance surgery and a biopsy of the exfoliating lymph node. In the first week after surgery, she developed extensive hematoma at the site of surgery, which reduced the swelling of the breast by emptying the hematoma. The patient underwent mastectomy surgery and externalization of the axillary lymph nodes due to the extent of localized ductal carcinoma.

Due to the clinical manifestations of breast disease, it is necessary to pay attention to breast manifestations even at a young age and the necessary studies to diagnose possible malignancies and further investigation, even in cases of local carcino